the cucurbit family includes cucmber, melons, watermelon, squash, gourds

pepo: tough exocarp and mesocarp form a rind; fleshy endocarp

pome

*accessory fruits with core formed by ovary
*outside is flesh, juicy receptacle
*apple, pear, quince, crabapple

hesperidium

*exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp form a rind or peel
*hairs form juice sacs
*citrus (orange, grapefruit, kumquat, etc...)

female pine cones

monocot root

monocot stem

dicot stem

dicot root

berry

simple, flesy fruit in which the fruit wall is soft throughout

legume

*dry, dehiscient
*opens on two sutures (seams)
*fabaceae, caesalpiniaceae, mimosaceae

its a legume...

aggregate fruit

A fruit that develops from a single flower with several to many pistils (ie. carpels are not fused into a single pistil)

drupe

*exocarp: outer skin
*mesocarp: fleshy to fibrous middle
*endocarp: stony or bony "pit"
*coconut, olive, peach, cherry, apricot, almond, avocado, etc..

assorted drupes

accessory and aggregate

*one flower with many seperate ovaries clustered on receptacle forms an aggregate fruit
*tissue not associated with ovary (such as the receptacle) contributes to accessory fruit formation

accessory fruit and aggregate of achenes

achene

*dry fruit with an indehiscent pericarp; embryo is attached at a single point inside the pericarp
*sunflower, strawberry fruitlets

nut

*single seeded, stony pericarp
*indehiscent (doesnt split open)
*acorn, walnut, hazelnut

caryopsis

*sometimes identified as a grain
*seed so completely fills the pericarp the seed coat presses tightly against the endocarp at all points
*half or more of the contents may be endosperm
*the remainder is embryo
*wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, etc..

samara

*winged fruit
*pericarp forms a wing

*seeds are borne exposed on scales of cones
*xylem w/o vessels
*only tracheids for water conduction
*female gametophyte is haploid for most species

follicle

*dry dehiscent fruit splits open on one suture or seam
*milkweed, magnolia fruitlets

capsule

*dry dehiscent fruit opening on three or more sutures
*yucca, okra

with seeds

*140 specis
*ovaries located on knobs
*dioecious (Seed cones + pollen cones on 2 seperate plants)
*popular for ornamental use in landscaping